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r G. A. GARDWELL. HARMONIG PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 315,121. Patented Apr. 7, 1885. r

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G. A. OARDWELL.

HARMONIG PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented Apr. 7, 1885.

" ililfiil llllll l WITNESSES ATTORNEY-5' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. OARDWELL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF TWO- THIRDS TOFREDERICK K. FITCH, OF NEW YORK, AND JOSEPH T. MUR- RAY, OF NEWARK, NEWJERSEY.

HARMONIC PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

PECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 315,121, dated April '7,1885.

' 7 Application filed September 11, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it 11mg concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. CARDWELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple Telegraphy; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, reference being had to the accompanying IOdrawings,which form part of this specification,

in which- Figure 1 is a diagram of an apparatus illustrating myinvention. Fig. 2 is a perspective View of a pair of grouped appliances.

My invention has relation to an improvement in multiple telegraphy; andit consists in a novel method of transmitting and recording signs orsignals, whereby I am enabled to not onlysend and record a separatesignal for each distinct pulsatory current sent over a common line, butalso to send and record sep-e arate and distinct signals for currents ofdifferent character when the same are transmitted simultaneously.

In an application filed by me the 4th day of September, 1883, Serial No.105,525, I have shown and described certain devices whereby my inventionis carried into effect,and wherein I have made use of what is known asthe 0 Gray harmonic system of multiple transmission, such system beingwell adapted to the purposes of my invention, and in the followingdescription I shall also refer to this system in illustration of thecharacter of my improvement,without, however, limiting myself to anyspecific means of multiple transmission, as the purposes of my inventiononly require that currents of different character may be transmittedsimultaneously over a common 0 lineand made, respectively, to energizeindependent receiving devices.

My invention contemplates what may be termed a permutation of themultiple system of telegraphic transmission, inasmuch as it involves thecombination of currents which independently produce certain results wellknown in multiple telegraphy, to produce effects different from thosefollowing the separate transmission of independent currents. If, forinstance, I am employing the harmonic system of multiple transmission,having normally the capacity of transmitting, say, six distinctpulsatory currents and the recording of as many separate signs orsignals responsive thereto, I am by my improvement enabled to transmitand record as many separate and independent signals as there may bepermutations or couples of currents.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown, and I shall describe as themeans for carrying out my invention, the same devices as have beenillustrated in my said application.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the main-line wire of a harmonictelegraph leading to ground at a receiving-station through the magnets BO D E F G, which areprovided with the appurtenances of a Gray harmonicrelay, so that each reeded armature will respond to its appropriate toneand to no other, and when so responding will open a 10- 7o cal-batterycircuit, a b c, 860., which is normally closed upon a secondary andopencircuit relay, a b, 850.

I term a b, &c., open-circuit relays, be-

cause they are normal] yin an energized state, 7 5

and, under conditions hereinafter explained, close another local circuitor circuits when their armatures are retracted by the de-energizing oftheir coils. The relation of the magnets B O, &c., is the same as existsbetween the harmonic relay and sounder under the usual conditions ofharmonic telegraphy.

Each individual tone or pulsatory current is intended to effect therecording of a single character, and as the medium for so recording 8 Iemploy printing, recording, or sounding devices, which are controlled bythe relays which respond to the respective currents.

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement and relation of thedevices whereby the characters are printed in response to the individnal currents. 1 designates a local battery, from, which a line, 2,leads through front stops, 3, of armatures 4, &c., and thence by lines 5through all the armatures 4, 820., above 5 which are other stops 6, &c.,each having a line to a printing-magnet, 7, &c., and each being in abranch and normally-open circuit with battery 1. Now, supposing it weredesired to print the letter b in response to the tone 0, I00

the tone, or current representing the tone, is transmitted andimmediately harmonic relay O responds, opening its local circuit andcausing armature 4: to fly back against stop-6. Circuit from battery 1is now through all the front stops or continuous line 2 ,thence througharmatures until 4; is reached, when the current passes toprinting-magnet 7, and thence to battery, all the other printing-magnetsbeing out of or on open circuit. It is obvious that any other tone orcurrent may be made to control and effect the printing of itsappropriate character. This much being understood, I will now explainthe means by which two currents, when sent simultaneously, will causethe printing of a dependent character, instead of two characters.

The armatures of the secondary relays are pivotal or provided withpivotal arms G, Fig. 2, and carry front and back contacts, h h, andlower insulated oontactsfli. The points h h are connected by lines, asshown. Stops h vh are opposed to stationary contacts Z-Z. Stops h opposecontacts Z. and stops i face contacts Z all being properly insulated.

In the drawings, Fig. 2 is designed to represent, under properconditions, a pair of armatures belonging to a harmonic group orcouple-say G 13, which is arranged for printing the character I. Thenthe stop Z of each is connected by a line, m, with the stop h'of theother, while a line leads from stop Z above each armature, as alreadymentioned in explanation of diagram, to a magnet, 7, 850. The stops Z Zare in circuit with a local battery, M, and a printing-magnet, M,adapted to print the character I. Now, normally, the armatures G beingclosed or down, a single tone will effect the retraction of but one, andthe circuit will be from battery 1 andline2 through line 70, and by wayof the attracted armature and stops h l of said attracted armature andline m to and through stops h Z of the retract ed armature, and thenceto printing-magnet 7 in connection therewith, all other circuits beingopen but should two tones or cur rents be sent, both armatures areretracted, and circuit is completed through t i Z 1 line It, battery M,and printing-magnet M, while circuits to 7 7 are open. By an analogousarrangement of circuits and contacts all the secondary relays may begrouped together in pairs. The system of transmission is applicableeither to the selection of particular local recording-magnets or to theselection of spe cial lines or circuits.

The mechanical details of the printer, recorder, or sounder do notproperly constitute a part of my system, and as their principlesare wellunderstood I do not deem it necessary or expedient to describe them.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

The method of producing telegraphic signals which consists in thetransmission of separate and distinct pulsatory currents of differentcharacteristics, and effecting thereby independent relays whichconjointly control printing, recording, or sounding devices, as setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this27th day of June, 1884.

GEORGE A. OARDWELL. Witnesses:

A. A. GoNNoLLY, G. E. NYLANDER.

